❓WHAT HAPPENED: The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) announced charges against a Chinese post-doctoral researcher for attempting to smuggle E. coli bacteria into the U.S.
👤WHO WAS INVOLVED: FBI Director Kash Patel, Chinese researcher Youhuang Xiang, and U.S. authorities from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP).
📍WHEN & WHERE: Federal charges against Xiang were announced on Friday, December 19, 2025.
💬KEY QUOTE: “This is yet another example of a researcher from China – given the privilege to work at a U.S. university – who then allegedly chose to take part in a scheme to circumvent U.S. laws and receive biological materials hidden in a package originating from China.” — Kash Patel
🎯IMPACT: The arrest is just the latest to involve a foreign research visa holder attempting to illegally smuggle prohibited biological materials into the United States.
Federal charges were filed on Friday against a Chinese national in the United States on a J-1 academic research visa who was caught attempting to smuggle Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria cultures into the country. According to Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Director Kash Patel, the charges were brought against Youhuang Xiang after it was discovered that he intended to receive a package originating from China containing prohibited biological materials.
“Youhuang Xiang, a post-doctoral researcher and J-1 visa holder from China, was charged with smuggling Escherichia coli (E. coli) into the U.S. and making false statements about it,” Patel wrote in a post on X (formerly Twitter). He continued: “This is yet another example of a researcher from China—given the privilege to work at a U.S. university—who then allegedly chose to take part in a scheme to circumvent U.S. laws and receive biological materials hidden in a package originating from China.”
“The FBI will not tolerate any attempt to exploit our nation’s institutions for illegal activity—as we have seen in this case and the three Chinese nationals charged in Michigan in November for allegedly smuggling biological materials into the U.S. on several occasions,” Patel added.
In addition, Director Patel reiterated that American research and academic institutions must remain vigilant against the abuse of visa programs and illegal activity by visa holders. There has been a concerning number of potential national security incidents in the U.S. in recent years involving foreign nationals conducting research in the country, including attempts to smuggle dangerous biological material and the theft of sensitive research and technology.
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