Representative Matt Gaetz (R-FL) introduced a ‘motion to vacate‘ on the House of Representatives floor Monday night in an effort to oust Speaker Kevin McCarthy (R-CA) from his leadership post. The full House is expected to decide the fate of McCarthy’s Speakership on Tuesday.
The long awaited move by Gaetz comes in response to the House passing a temporary government funding measure – without the spending cuts or border funding pushed for by conservative members – after McCarthy allowed a vote on the floor. In addition, Gaetz has accused McCarthy of having cut a secret side deal on Ukraine funding with President Joe Biden and Congressional Democrats.
A ‘motion to vacate’ is considered part of a privileged resolution, meaning it takes precedence over ordinary House legislative business. House leadership can only delay the vote by 48 hours after the resolution is introduced and the motion is made. There are, however, a few tools McCarthy and his supporters have that could block Gaetz’s resolution. Motions to either table the resolution or refer it to committee are considered to be ‘in order’, and if either were to be used and successful it could mean an anti-climatic end for Gaetz’s attempt to install a new Speaker.
To successfully remove McCarthy as Speaker, Rep. Gaetz will need to secure a majority of members present and voting – 218 barring absences. Republicans currently hold the majority with 221 seats to the Democrats’ 212. If Democrats vote to block any motions by McCarthy and his allies, and vote as a whole to remove the Speaker, then only 5 additional Republicans plus Gaetz would be needed to reach the majority. House Democrats, however, have been been non-commital on how they plan to vote. If Gaetz’s resolution is adopted, the Speakership would be considered vacant and the House would immediately move to the business of electing a new Speaker.
Removing the Speaker of the House, however, is almost always an uphill battle. No Speaker has ever been removed by the manner being used by Rep. Gaetz. In 1910, Republican Speaker of the House Joseph Cannon, whose opponents on both sides of the aisle called a ‘tyrant’, made a ‘motion to vacate’ against himself – calling the bluff of his critics. The motion failed overwhelmingly, and Cannon remained Speaker. Rumors of the introduction of a ‘motion to vacate’ may have played a role in the resignation of Speaker John Boehner (R-OH) from the House in October of 2015.